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Common shorthand within the discipline is: Prejudice > Discrimination Prejudice + Power = Oppression Oppression involves institutional control, ideological domination, and the imposition of the dominant group’s culture on the minoritized group. No individual member of the dominant group has to do anything specific to oppress a member of the minoritized group; the prejudice and […]

How do people often respond when their prejudices are pointed out 97 Now interview two people (other than those engaged in the activity with you), asking them to do what you did. What patterns do you notice in the responses? How did an awareness of your prejudices (or preconceived ideas) influence the decisions you made

All Humans Have Prejudice and Discriminate Just as all people have prejudices, learned from socialization, all people discriminate. So, the blind woman in our previous example may also have prejudices against us because we are sighted. Based on her previous experiences with sighted people, she may assume that we are ignorant about people with disabilities

Patterns to Practice Seeing 1. Practice identifying patterns at the group (rather than individual) level. For example, in workplace meetings or other public spaces, practice seeing which groups are included and which are not. 86 2. Practice naming people by their key social groups. For example, “Tina, a white able-bodied cis-woman, went to the store.”

why do so many people feel immune to the forces of socialization? 1. Key careers tend to be organized in ways that are gendered (police and firefighters tend to be men, while teachers and nurses tend to be women). How would the authors explain this pattern? 84 2. According to the authors, why do so

Group Identities As this example shows, race and ethnicity interact in complex ways with language and citizenship. For those new to the study of critical social justice, mastering these complexities is of secondary importance. Of primary importance is the ability to understand these categories as socially constructed and reflective of a particular political and cultural

. Frame of Reference Glasses Diagram In order to develop critical social justice literacy, we must be able to see how our ideas, views, and opinions are not objective and independent, but rather the result of myriad social messages and conditioning forces. The first layer of socialization we might easily identify is our family. While

Cultural Norms and Conformity Let’s consider the example of grooming norms to illustrate the power of cultural socialization. Imagine it is a hot summer day and you are having lunch in an outdoor café. You notice an attractive couple sitting at the table next to you. Just like many others, they are wearing shorts and

What Is Culture? PERSPECTIVE CHECK: Of course, some members of this class may be excited to hear the instructor make these statements precisely because they challenge dominant ideas and/or affirm their own experiences. What Is Culture? Each one of us is born into a particular time, place, and social context— into a particular culture. Culture

What does it mean to say that knowledge is socially constructed? Discussion Questions 1. Explain in your own words the difference between “critical thinking” and “opinion.” 2. What does it mean to say that knowledge is socially constructed? Give some examples. 3. What do the authors mean when they say that “what you know” is